Tech billionaire Elon Musk has publicly questioned a demographic claim made by his artificial intelligence chatbot, Grok, after it stated that Nigeria recorded about four million more births than the entire European Union in 2025.

The exchange took place on X on Saturday after a user asked whether Nigeria had one million more births than the EU last year. In response, Grok said the difference was much larger.

According to the chatbot, Nigeria recorded approximately 7.5 million births during the year, while the European Union recorded about 3.5 million births, putting the gap at roughly four million.

Reacting to the figures, Musk expressed surprise, asking, “Are you, wait. Are you sure that Nigeria had four million more births than the EU last year?”

Grok maintained its position, saying the estimates were accurate. It added that the commonly cited one-million difference refers to a comparison between Nigeria and the whole of Europe, including Russia, rather than the European Union alone.

The conversation generated widespread reactions on X, with users discussing Nigeria’s fast-growing population and Europe’s declining birth rates.

However, the figures cited by Grok have not been independently verified. No publicly available demographic database currently confirms the specific birth estimates or provides a direct comparison between Nigeria’s annual births and those of the European Union.

Available estimates from international organisations, including the United Nations and the World Bank, consistently show that Nigeria has one of the world’s highest fertility rates, while many European countries continue to experience declining birth rates and ageing populations. However, the exact figures referenced by the AI chatbot remain unconfirmed.

Nigeria is Africa’s most populous country, with an estimated population of more than 230 million people.